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We've all heard several myths regarding basic first aid and are not sure what to believe or how to proceed in emergencies. Unfortunately, accidents and unforeseen incidents happen daily, leading us to question what to do next in an emergency. It's important to distinguish between what can be treated at home with the help of a first aid kit and what has to be taken to the emergency room for immediate attention. Responding correctly helps minimize further damage and may decrease recovery time.
Listed below are common myths to put your mind to rest while in your next medical emergency:
Never put anything in a person’s mouth during a seizure. Instead, cushion their head, clear the area of hard objects, and roll them onto their side once the jerking stops. Call 911 if the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes.
If someone feels faint, have them lie flat on their back and raise their legs.The head-between-knees position is only a fallback if lying down isn’t possible. If they don’t recover quickly, call 911.
Do not breathe into a paper bag. This can lower oxygen levels and delay care for serious causes.Instead, coach slow breathing and seek medical help if symptoms persist or worsen.
Do not move an injured person after a crash unless there is immediate danger (fire, traffic) or you must open their airway or control bleeding.Keep them still and call 911 right away.
This is not encouraged as more damage can be caused as the vomit exits the body, potentially burning the airway. Do not give milk, water, or anything else to drink after swallowing a possible poison.Call Poison Control (1-800-222-1222) or local emergency services immediately for exact instructions.
Avoid alcohol. It causes heat loss and impairs judgment.Move the person indoors, remove wet clothes, wrap them in warm blankets, and give warm, non-alcoholic drinks if they are fully awake.
First Aid Fact:
Rapid or active re-warming techniques require special training.
Putting two Hypothermic patients together in a sleeping bag is not a good source of warming. One must have a normal body temperature. It is better to wrap such a victim in clothing inside a sleeping bag, and allow him to shiver, which generates heat.
The use of butter to treat burns has been a myth that has been around for centuries. The grease was believed to protect the burned appendage from the outside like a skin-tight bandage to reduce the risk of amputation. However, this method does not stop the pain, promote healing, or prevent scarring. Antibiotic ointment was not available at the time this method was published. Around this time,we began to understand that bacteria infect wounds and cause sepsis.
First Aid Fact: The best way to treat a burn is by cooling it with running cool water for at least 20 minutes. You should then cover the burn with a dressing to keep out infection. However, if the burn covers more than 5% of the body area or has broken through the skin, you should seek medical help. Not following the appropriate treatment could make the burn worse and increase the risk of infection.
Physical therapists may recommend alternating between hot and cold temperatures for certain injuries. The heat increases blood flow, which can then promote healing. The cold decreases swelling. Applying heat to a sprained ankle may have arisen from this thinking. However, swelling is the problem you are trying to address in the case of a sprained ankle.
First Aid Fact: Use cold, not heat, for the first 48–72 hours after a sprain. Follow RICE/POLICE: Protect, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.Apply heat only later during recovery to ease stiffness.
It is commonly advised to urinate on a jellyfish sting to nullify the effects of the venom. However, vinegar is a more effective treatment if it is available. Some beach resorts, hotels, and lifeguards will have vinegar ready for you to use. Others may have access to a weak acid like lemon juice. The acidic environment created by these substances will deactivate the venom, making the area less painful.
First Aid Fact: Rinse tentacles off with seawater, then immerse the area in hot (not scalding) water for 20–45 minutes.
Although defibrillators may appear complicated, they are quite simple to use. If you can get the pads onto the patient's chest within 3 minutes and administer a shock, the chances of survival significantly increase. A defibrillator will not allow you to shock a casualty if they do not need it, so you cannot do anything wrong. However, you need to use a defibrillator and give quality CPR (chest compressions with rescue breathing) for the best chances of survival.
CPR pumps oxygenated blood to the casualty's heart and brain. Therefore, everyone must understand how to give quality CPR and use an AED.
Registering for basic first aid training classes is highly recommended to access more knowledge of what to do in an emergency. An instructor will be able to go over the basic requirements and all the tools and gadgets in a first aid kit. It's important to have a first aid kit on hand, consisting of several items that can be useful in the interim, whether you're waiting for an ambulance or treating a person in pain on the spot.
