Quadriplegia, also known as tetraplegia, is a paralysis that affects all four limbs and the torso, resulting in a loss of sensation and movement below the neck. This condition occurs due to damage to the spinal cord in the cervical spine, which is the uppermost part of the spinal cord located in the neck region.
Various factors, such as spinal cord injuries, traumatic brain injuries, infections, tumors, or degenerative conditions of the nervous system can cause quadriplegia. The severity of the paralysis can vary depending on the location and extent of the spinal cord injury.
People with quadriplegia may experience a range of symptoms, including loss of sensation and movement in the arms, legs, and torso, difficulty breathing, and loss of bowel and bladder control. They may also experience other complications such as pressure sores, muscle spasms, respiratory infections, and blood clots.
There is no cure for quadriplegia, but treatment can help to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. This may include physical therapy and rehabilitation to help maintain muscle strength and range of motion, occupational therapy to help with activities of daily living, and assistive devices such as wheelchairs, braces, or communication aids.
Prevention of quadriplegia can be achieved through measures such as wearing protective gear during sports or high-risk activities, using seat belts and helmets while driving or riding in a vehicle, and avoiding risky behaviors that can lead to accidents.
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